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                  <text>The Marshall M. Fredericks Collection consists of 200 linear feet of materials, including:&#13;
&#13;
Correspondence: (13 linear feet) including personal, foreign ministry, and general correspondence as well as special letters and card received by Fredericks&#13;
&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
Photographs: (25 linear feet) including photographs in a variety of sizes, negatives, and slides relating to Fredericksâ€™ teaching career, projects, civic activities, and personal life&#13;
&#13;
Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
&#13;
Books and Magazines: (16 linear feet) including books and magazines which do not directly relate to Fredericks or his work&#13;
&#13;
Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
&#13;
Awards/Medals/Memorabilia: (16 linear feet) including awards and medals given to Fredericks as well as medals he designed&#13;
&#13;
Video/Films/Audio: (13 linear feet) including media relating to Fredericksâ€™ work, civic interests, and life&#13;
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Ephemera:(8 linear feet) containing portfolio postcards, posters, etc.</text>
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                <text>Close-up of quarter scale plaster model of sphere for the "Clevelan War Memorial: Fountain of Eternal Life" after bronze casting at Bedi-Makky foundry</text>
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                <text>Bronze sculpture, American--20th century.&#13;
Cleveland (Ohio)--Buildings, structures, etc. &#13;
Figure sculpture, American--20th century. &#13;
Fountains.&#13;
Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 &#13;
Granite sculpture.&#13;
Outdoor sculpture--United States. &#13;
Public sculpture, American &#13;
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                <text>The Fountain, also known as the "Cleveland War Memorial", is composed of a large granite basin set with bronze plaques containing the names of men and women who gave their lives for their country. Located within the basin are four granite carvings depicting the great civilizations of the earth: Nordic, Eastern, Southern and Western cultures. &#13;
 &#13;
Centered within is the 10 Â½ foot sculptured bronze sphere representing the Universe as man has imagined it.  Its design contains symbols of Eternal Life and Spirit derived from ancient myths.  &#13;
 &#13;
The bronze central figure towers 43 feet above the basin. This figure expresses the main theme of the Fountain: the spirit of mankind rising out of the flames of war and the destructive elements of life, reaching and ascending to a new understanding of life.  &#13;
 &#13;
The Fountain took nineteen years to complete and is located at the Civic Center Mall A in Cleveland, Ohio.&#13;
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                <text>Marshall M. Fredericks Papers&#13;
Series V, Box 8 Folder 18&#13;
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                  <text>The Marshall M. Fredericks Collection consists of 200 linear feet of materials, including:&#13;
&#13;
Correspondence: (13 linear feet) including personal, foreign ministry, and general correspondence as well as special letters and card received by Fredericks&#13;
&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
Photographs: (25 linear feet) including photographs in a variety of sizes, negatives, and slides relating to Fredericksâ€™ teaching career, projects, civic activities, and personal life&#13;
&#13;
Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
&#13;
Books and Magazines: (16 linear feet) including books and magazines which do not directly relate to Fredericks or his work&#13;
&#13;
Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
&#13;
Awards/Medals/Memorabilia: (16 linear feet) including awards and medals given to Fredericks as well as medals he designed&#13;
&#13;
Video/Films/Audio: (13 linear feet) including media relating to Fredericksâ€™ work, civic interests, and life&#13;
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                <text>Close-up of rear view of "The Expanding Universe Fountain"</text>
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                <text>Bronze sculpture, American--20th century.&#13;
Figure sculpture, American--20th century. &#13;
Fountains.&#13;
Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998&#13;
Harry S. Truman Federal Building (Washington, D.C.)&#13;
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                <text>This fountain celebrates the nation's first exploration of outer space. According to Fredericks, the sculpture "represents this age of great interest, exploration and discovery in outer space...[and] the immensity, order and mystery of the universe.â€&#13;
&#13;
The monumental central figure suggests a superhuman mythological being. Seated upon a ten-foot sphere, covered in a pattern of bright-star constellations, the figure holds two planets that he is sending off into space.  The dynamic spiral orbit-form swirling around the sphere represents the speed and perpetual motion of space.  Play of the water from numerous star-shaped sprays increases the feeling of movement. &#13;
&#13;
The full-scale casting of this sculpture is located in the South Court of the United States State Department Building in Washington, D.C.&#13;
&#13;
The fountain is also known as: "Man and the Expanding Universe"&#13;
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                <text>Hartwick, Maurice C.</text>
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                <text>Marshall M. Fredericks Papers&#13;
Series V, Box 9 Folder 25&#13;
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                  <text>The Marshall M. Fredericks Collection consists of 200 linear feet of materials, including:&#13;
&#13;
Correspondence: (13 linear feet) including personal, foreign ministry, and general correspondence as well as special letters and card received by Fredericks&#13;
&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
Photographs: (25 linear feet) including photographs in a variety of sizes, negatives, and slides relating to Fredericksâ€™ teaching career, projects, civic activities, and personal life&#13;
&#13;
Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
&#13;
Books and Magazines: (16 linear feet) including books and magazines which do not directly relate to Fredericks or his work&#13;
&#13;
Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
&#13;
Awards/Medals/Memorabilia: (16 linear feet) including awards and medals given to Fredericks as well as medals he designed&#13;
&#13;
Video/Films/Audio: (13 linear feet) including media relating to Fredericksâ€™ work, civic interests, and life&#13;
&#13;
Ephemera:(8 linear feet) containing portfolio postcards, posters, etc.</text>
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                <text>Close-up of shims on "Acrobat" clown's waist</text>
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                <text>Artists' studios--United States.&#13;
Clowns in art&#13;
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Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998 &#13;
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                <text>The plasteline model for "Acrobatâ€ â€“ one of the â€œClownsâ€ in Marshall Fredericksâ€™ greenhouse studio.</text>
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Series V, Box 8 Folder 24&#13;
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                <text>Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Archives.</text>
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                <text>According to MaryAnn Wilkinson, former curator of modern and contemporary art at The Detroit Institute of Arts, â€œHis last monumental work, Lord Byron, designed in 1938, enlarged by the artist, and cast posthumously in 1998 for the Marshall Fredericks Sculpture Museum paradoxically seems to refer back to Fredericks's earliest influences.  This literary figure clearly inspired by Rodin's Balzac, strikes a shameless dramatic pose: head flung back with his hand on his forehead, heavy cloak partially pulled around his body with the other hand flying out to the side and back.  Fredericks, in contrast to the symmetry that generally characterizes his designs, treated each side of the Byron figure in a different manner.  Along its right side, the figure is closed and solid.  The drop of the heavy cloak does not allow for articulation of forms or even for suggestion of the body beneath.  Rather, the artist exploits the long, unbroken line of the cloak from the figure's chin to the ground.  In contrast, the figure's left side is open and plastic with elbow and knee flung out at an angle from the nipped-in waist.  Like Sun Worshipper, The Poet: Lord Byron represents an important mid-career design that he was only able to realize in large scale at the end of his career.â€ (Marshall M. Fredericks, Sculptor, p. 15)  &#13;
&#13;
Byron was a member of the Romantics Poets movement and lived from 1788-1824. As a young adult, Fredericks developed a deep passion for Byronâ€™s poetry.  The Poet: Lord Byron was cast posthumously in 1998 and resides in the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museumâ€™s sculpture garden.   &#13;
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="451946">
                <text>16</text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="455107">
                <text>Animal sculpture--20th century.&#13;
Bronze sculpture, American--20th century.&#13;
Figure sculpture, American--20th century.&#13;
Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998&#13;
New York World's Fair (1964-1965)&#13;
Outdoor sculpture--United States.&#13;
Public sculpture, American&#13;
Sculpture--Conservation and restoration--United States.</text>
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            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>The businessmen backers of the 1964-65 New York Worldâ€™s Fair aspired to produce an economic boom for the city that would rival the hugely successful New York Worldâ€™s Fair of 1939-40 that brought more than 44 million visitors to the city. Many of these planners, kids during the â€™39-40 Fair, hoped that the experience would be as memorable for their children and families has it had been for them. Dedicated to â€œManâ€™s Achievement on a Shrinking Globe in an Expanding Universe,â€ the Fairâ€™s theme was â€œPeace through Understanding.â€&#13;
&#13;
The Fairâ€™s Sculpture Committee requested that Marshall Fredericks submit a proposal for a sculpture to be included at the event. Fredericks submitted several sketches and the Committee selected a sketch of two figures with swans. Originally the figures in the sketch had wings, but the review panel requested that Fredericks remove them in the final sculpture. According to the artist, the sculpture â€œdepicts human figures as if soaring in migratory flights with huge swans, an ancient symbol of eternal life.â€&#13;
&#13;
One of four major sculptures at the Fair, the sculpture stood in the Court of States at the entrance of the U S Government Pavilion. This marked the second time Fredericks contributed a sculpture to a New York Worldâ€™s Fair, as he previously exhibited a fountain at the 1939 Fair. The Freedom of the Human Spirit still stands at its original location in Flushing Meadows Corona Park in Queens borough.&#13;
&#13;
In 1983, Fredericks donated the design for this sculpture to his adopted hometown of Birmingham, Michigan in honor of the cityâ€™s fiftieth anniversary. Erected in Shain Park, the city financed the sculpture through generous donations from over one thousand individuals and corporations. In 2009, the city of Birmingham renovated the park and relocated the sculpture to an area in the center of the park.&#13;
&#13;
A small-scale casting of Freedom of the Human Spirit also serves as the annual Communications Award for the International Center for the Disabled (ICD), an organization of which Fredericks was a longtime benefactor. </text>
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            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
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                <text>Possibly photographed by Joe Jernejcic</text>
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            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>Flushing Meadows-Corona Park (New York, N.Y.)</text>
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        <name>Freedom of the Human Spirit</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="3159">
        <name>II1403</name>
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        <src>https://omeka.svsu.edu/files/original/close-up-of-swan-from-nordic-swan-and-the-ugly-duckling-(hans-christian-andersen-fountain)---rear-view_9e8893d424.tif</src>
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          <name>Dublin Core</name>
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            <element elementId="50">
              <name>Title</name>
              <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                  <text>Marshall M. Fredericks Archives Collection</text>
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              <name>Description</name>
              <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                  <text>The Marshall M. Fredericks Collection consists of 200 linear feet of materials, including:&#13;
&#13;
Correspondence: (13 linear feet) including personal, foreign ministry, and general correspondence as well as special letters and card received by Fredericks&#13;
&#13;
Project (Job) Files: (7 linear feet) including correspondence between Fredericks and both sculpture commissioning clients and vendors that helped to fabricate the pieces&#13;
&#13;
Subject Files: (24 linear feet) document Fredericksâ€™ civic interests such as Disabled Americansâ€™ Denmark meeting (DIADEM), Rebild National Park, and Danish Consular work, as well as fraternal organizations and the Marshall M Fredericks Sculpture Museum&#13;
&#13;
Financial (30 linear feet) document the day-to-day operations of running a studio&#13;
&#13;
Photographs: (25 linear feet) including photographs in a variety of sizes, negatives, and slides relating to Fredericksâ€™ teaching career, projects, civic activities, and personal life&#13;
&#13;
Clippings/Articles/Books: (28 linear feet) including media articles, journals, etc. about Fredericks and his work&#13;
&#13;
Books and Magazines: (16 linear feet) including books and magazines which do not directly relate to Fredericks or his work&#13;
&#13;
Drawings: (10 linear feet) including life figure drawings, sculpture project sketches, presentation drawings, working drawings, etc.&#13;
&#13;
Awards/Medals/Memorabilia: (16 linear feet) including awards and medals given to Fredericks as well as medals he designed&#13;
&#13;
Video/Films/Audio: (13 linear feet) including media relating to Fredericksâ€™ work, civic interests, and life&#13;
&#13;
Ephemera:(8 linear feet) containing portfolio postcards, posters, etc.</text>
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    <itemType itemTypeId="6">
      <name>Still Image</name>
      <description>A static visual representation. Examples of still images are: paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps.  Recommended best practice is to assign the type "text" to images of textual materials.</description>
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          <name>Original Format</name>
          <description>If the image is of an object, state the type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="322920">
              <text>Black and white print</text>
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          <name>Physical Dimensions</name>
          <description>The actual physical size of the original image.</description>
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            <elementText elementTextId="322921">
              <text>3.5" x 5"</text>
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        <name>Dublin Core</name>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Close-up of swan from "Nordic Swan and the Ugly Duckling" (Hans Christian Andersen Fountain) in SkÃ¦lskÃ¸r, Denmark - rear view </text>
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          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="322909">
                <text>Animal sculpture--20th century.&#13;
Bronze sculpture, Danish &#13;
Fountains.&#13;
Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998&#13;
Outdoor sculptureâ€”Denmark. &#13;
Public sculptureâ€”Denmark.&#13;
</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="322910">
                <text>This sculpture represents Fredericks' interpretation of Hans Christian Andersen's popular story, The Ugly Duckling.  Unlike Fredericks' portrayals of other literary subjects, this sculpture illustrates not one moment in the story, but two. &#13;
&#13;
Fredericks placed the unhappy duckling driven from place to place because of his ugliness at the base of the fountain. Located above is the beautiful swan he grew to be.  &#13;
&#13;
Fredericks emphasized the difference between the young and mature bird.  The earthbound duckling is awkward and heavy, with stubby wings and tail while the swan soars overhead in an open form which appears almost weightless.  Fredericks originally conceived this sculpture for the Danish Village retirement home in Rochester Hills, Michigan.&#13;
&#13;
A bronze cast of this sculpture is located in SkÃ¦lskÃ¸r, Denmark where Hans Christian Andersen lived and penned â€œThe Little Mermaid,â€ â€œThe Ugly Duckling,â€ and many other childrenâ€™s stories.&#13;
</text>
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            <name>Source</name>
            <description>A related resource from which the described resource is derived</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="322911">
                <text>Marshall M. Fredericks Papers&#13;
Series V, Box 17 Folder 9&#13;
</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="322912">
                <text>n.d.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="322913">
                <text>Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Archives.</text>
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            <name>Relation</name>
            <description>A related resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="322914">
                <text>V-17-09&#13;
</text>
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          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="322915">
                <text>image/jpeg</text>
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            </elementTextContainer>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="322916">
                <text>da</text>
              </elementText>
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            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
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                <text>Image</text>
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          <element elementId="43">
            <name>Identifier</name>
            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="322918">
                <text>139-50</text>
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          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
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                <text>SkÃ¦lskÃ¸r (Denmark)</text>
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        <name>Animal</name>
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        <name>Animal Sculpture</name>
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        <name>Bronze</name>
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        <name>Bronze Sculpture</name>
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        <name>Denmark</name>
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        <name>Duck</name>
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      <tag tagId="1088">
        <name>Fountain</name>
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      <tag tagId="2349">
        <name>Nordic Swan</name>
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      <tag tagId="310">
        <name>Nordic Swan and the Ugly Duckling</name>
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        <name>Nordic Swan and the Ugly Duckling (Hans Christian Andersen Fountain)</name>
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      <tag tagId="2039">
        <name>Outdoor</name>
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        <name>Outdoor Sculpture</name>
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      <tag tagId="1753">
        <name>Sculpture</name>
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        <name>SkÃ¦lskÃ¸r</name>
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      <tag tagId="2194">
        <name>Swan</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1171">
        <name>Ugly Duckling</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1076">
        <name>V1709</name>
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