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&#13;
Items include:&#13;
&#13;
Plumb line&#13;
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3 packages of small screws&#13;
Pencils&#13;
Picture hangers&#13;
Plaster Stik&#13;
Carpenters pencil&#13;
Book of matches&#13;
Durex double edge blades&#13;
Package of Trojan coping saw blades&#13;
Box of colored toothpicks&#13;
2 wood wedges&#13;
1 white wood peg (represents a person)&#13;
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Thumb tack card &#13;
2 red crayon pieces&#13;
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                <text>Circus Clown, 1937&#13;
Bronze, cast 1988&#13;
&#13;
Gift of Mr. and Mrs. Marshall M. Fredericks&#13;
1991.041&#13;
&#13;
Although the first clowns date back to ancient times, the descendants of modern clowns were the traveling minstrels of the Middle Ages.  They wore brightly colored costumes with ruffled collars and bells, plus they painted their faces or wore masks.  They entertained by various means including poetry, music, juggling, acrobatics, and working with trained animals.  Not until the sixteenth century when the commedia dell' arte began did pantomime become popular.  Today it is a basic tool for clowns.  From very early times the purpose of the clown was to display the gamut of human experience and emotion in an uninhibited manner, often by exaggeration.  &#13;
&#13;
Fredericks' clowns possess all the characteristic attributes.  First, they wear the familiar costume: baggy pants, bells, and ruffled neck, wrist and ankle bands.  Their faces are painted also.  Their postures and gestures are very expressive.  The Lovesick Clown shows exaggerated, unrepressed emotion.  The mute Clown Musicians with their invisible instruments humorously remind us of the ability of clowns to entertain without sound.  The Circus Train Clown has the circus train down below on the base and the Lovesick Clown has Cupid's arrow through his heart. The Acrobat Clown is depicted with a little dog balancing on the palms of his hands.  The Juggler Clown has a ball balanced on the tip of his nose and the Clown Musicians play their imaginary instruments.  &#13;
&#13;
Fredericks sculpted the clowns using simple geometric shapes.  The forms are highly stylized with clean lines and sharp edges making them visually appealing. &#13;
&#13;
The bronze full-scale sculptures are located outside the Arbury Fine Arts Center near the University Art Gallery on the campus interior's courtyard.</text>
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        <description>The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/.</description>
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          <element elementId="50">
            <name>Title</name>
            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438261">
                <text>City of Detroit Seal, Mold, [Plaster]</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438262">
                <text>Figure sculpture, American--20th century</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438263">
                <text>Plaster relief  for City of Detroit mold with shellac coating. The yellowish discoloring is from shellac used to seal the plaster.&#13;
&#13;
City of Detroit Seal&#13;
1955&#13;
Plaster, galvanized pipe&#13;
&#13;
This model of the City of Detroit Seal includes two female figures with arms outstretched standing in the middle of this medallion.  One woman stands just slightly behind the other.  The Detroit fire of 1805 is referenced near the top left.  Two Greek temple fronts are shown, each with pediments and four columns.  The inscriptions are "Speramus Meliora; Resurget Cinerilus."  These Latin words were spoken by Father Gabriel Richard and later adopted by the city meaning "We Hope For Better Things; It Shall Rise From the Ashes."  It was adopted after the 1805 fire that leveled Detroit.</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438264">
                <text>Fredericks, Marshall M., 1908-1998</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438265">
                <text>1963</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438266">
                <text>Use of this image requires permission from the Marshall M. Fredericks Sculpture Museum</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438267">
                <text>Sculpture&#13;
Relief (Sculpture)&#13;
Mold</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="38">
            <name>Coverage</name>
            <description>The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="438268">
                <text>University Center (Mich.)</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
      </elementSet>
    </elementSetContainer>
    <tagContainer>
      <tag tagId="1873">
        <name>Figure</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1872">
        <name>Figure sculpture</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1781">
        <name>Model</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1565">
        <name>Plaster</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="1780">
        <name>Plaster Model</name>
      </tag>
      <tag tagId="249">
        <name>Seal of the City of Detroit</name>
      </tag>
    </tagContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
